Record the cost of inventory at whichever cost is lower: original cost or current price at market. This inventory method is most beneficial for a small business during inflationary periods. & Technology Companies, Transportation Since LIFO uses the most recently acquired inventory to value COGS, the leftover inventory might be extremely old or obsolete. For example, the seafood company, mentioned earlier, would use their oldest inventory first (or first in) in selling and shipping their products. = The formula for materials price variance is the following: Material Price Variance = (Actual Price - Standard Price) x Actual Quantity Purchased. What Is a Capital Asset? You dont need to track what you sell and when you sell it for inventory-costing purposes. A capital asset is an asset with a useful life longer than a year that is not intended for sale in the regular course of the business's operation. Companies ship products with an earlier date of consumption. It doesnt match any inventory flow, and actual expenses are never explicitly assigned to the items sold. The LIFO inventory method is not allowed under IFRS. Overall though, the averaging process in WAC diminishes the timing effects associated with the purchase of inventory. As a calculation for LCM or market value on-hand to prevent a business from carrying forward losses. Comparing the amount to the purchase cost of $250, a $90 write-down is necessary. the fair market value of your entire inventory (use either the price you would pay to replace an item or the amount you would get if you sold an item) the value of individual items (or classes of items, if specific items are not easy to distinguish)in the inventory, at their cost or their fair market value, whichever is lower Conversely, not knowing how to use inventory to its advantage, can prevent a company from operating efficiently. Meanwhile, inventory is highest under the LIFO method because the last items purchased at the highest prices are in inventory. & Digital Marketing Agencies, Apparel, Under IFRS, these write-downs are reversible. A normal profit margin is the average spread between the cost and sale price of the inventory. Setting similar margins in each department is easier to track. The cost of the storage space is for the facility that houses the stock and includes depreciation, utility costs, insurance and staff. This journal shows the same beginning inventory, purchase and associated costs: However, when a customer buys 60 units, the difference in these cost flow assumptions is clear. What Accounting Software do Start-ups Use? Six months later, you buy the same piece of inventory for $35. Distribution, Performance (a) First-in, First-out (FIFO): Under FIFO, the cost of goods sold is based upon the cost of material bought earliest in the period, while the cost of inventory is based upon the cost of material bought later in the year. Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis. Moreover, trends in both replacement cost and historical cost prot rates display very similar movements over long periods, making the choice of capital stock valuation irrelevant for empirical analysis of protability trends. 1 Introduction LIFO (last-in-first-out) and FIFO (first-in-first-out) are the two most common inventory cost methods that companies use to account for the costs of purchased inventory on the balance sheet. NetSuite has packaged the experience gained from tens of thousands of worldwide deployments over two decades into a set of leading practices that pave a clear path to success and are proven to deliver rapid business value. Standard cost inventory comes from the companys historical data and reflects operations under normal circumstances. While progress has been slow, the SEC intends to move from GAAP to IFRS. Since companies in each country must adhere to their respective standards, there isnt much you can do:The only solution would be to relocate your entire company to the other country if the inventory valuations would drastically improve by switching reporting standards. When one of the items is eventually sold for $50, the FIFO method dictates the cost of the good sold is $25. The effect on net income depends on items sold and their acquisition costs. When selecting the LIFO method in an inflationary period, your companys tax bill is lower. When inventory is purchased by a company, it sits on the balance sheet at cost. FIFO has advantages and disadvantages compared to other inventory methods. What are the Differences Between Cloud Accounting Software and On-Premise Accounting Software? Commerce, Analytics Imagine you buy an item of inventory for $25. With LIFO, the last inventory items bought are the first ones to be sold. As you sell an item from your inventory, it moves from an asset to an expense. It is up to the company to decide, though there are parameters based on the accounting method the company uses. On January 4, you purchase another 200 chairs of the exact make for $8 each. The weighted average unit cost based on the chart above for Trax in November was $384,250/1550 = $247.90 per unit. You can efficiently track and report your inventory with robust accounting software. East, Nordics and Other Regions, Cost flow assumptions and how to use them, When to use each inventory costing method, How to calculate the weighted average cost (WAC). Furthermore, online sales allow manufacturers to offer customers a wider range of products and customization options. Impact of Valuation Methods on Financial Statements, Considering Inflation When Choosing a Valuation Method. Instead of showing a change in inventory as a COGS adjustment, accountants adjust some income statements to show the calculation of COGS as: Beginning Inventory + Net Purchases = Goods Available for Sale - Ending Inventory. Specific identification would be a good method if the company were selling snowboards that are one-of-a-kind pieces of art or collectibles from famous athletes. where: Business owners understand the importance of maintaining accurate inventory records and the role these records play in inventory cost accounting. Under GAAP, write-downs taken to reduce inventories to the lower of their cost or market value cannot be reversed to increase valuations later. Chain Management, Fixed Therefore, the replacement cost used is $140. In this example, the ending inventory = (200 + 200 + 150 + 300 + 300 + 400) - (100 + 75 + 200 + 300 + 300) = 1550 units purchased - 975 units sold = 575 units remaining. IAS 2 Inventories replaced IAS 2 Valuation and Presentation of Inventories in the Context of the Historical Cost System (issued in October 1975). On January 4, you purchase another 200 chairs of the exact make for $8 each. Do you routinely analyze your companies, but don't look at how they account for their inventory? Another advantage is the accuracy of the timing of expense recognition, as expenses are actually reported in the period they occur. If companies apply LIFO in a perpetual system, they need to use special adjustments to take advantage of using the LIFO method for tax accounting. Also, LIFO is not realistic for many companies because they would not leave their older inventory sitting idle in stock while using the most recently acquired inventory. In this case, the cost of the 50 chairs you sold is $10 per chair, since the earliest chairs you bought cost $10 each. The accounting method that a company uses to determine its inventory costs can have a direct impact on its key financial statements (financials)balance sheet, income statement, and statement of cash flows. Guides, Terms of Use However, this results in higher tax liabilities and potentially higher future write-offs if that inventory becomes obsolete. In applying lower-of-cost-or-market, the remaining bicycle is now reported by Rider Inc. at its purchase value. The Definitive Guide to Perpetual Inventory, use NetSuite to manage your companys finances, Inventory Accounting Methods Explained With Usable Examples and Expert Advice, Weighted Average Inventory Costing or Average Cost Inventory Method, How to Choose an Inventory Cost Accounting Method, NetSuite Software for Managing Inventory Cost Accounting. Purchases of beads: $4,000 Historical cost of inventory < replacement cost, a write-down is not necessary. For an example of FEFO, see the Happy Yogurt Companys books. Market value is defined as current replacement cost subject to an upper limit of net realizable value and a lower limit of net . Should the company sell the most recent perishable good it receives, the oldest inventory items will likely go bad. In the United States, market value typically means the items replacement cost. Assets Management, Global Here is a high-level summary of the pros and cons of each inventory method. For the accounting period January-February, Trax had 900 snowboards in stock and sold 200 snowboards. tab), (opens in a new Replacement costs are likewise ritually used by accountants, who rely on depreciation to expense the cost of an asset over its useful life. For example, a company that sells seafood products would not realistically use their newly-acquired inventory first in selling and shipping their products. Companies within the U.S. have greater flexibility on the method they may choose and can opt for either LIFO or FIFO. Finished inventory are items ready for sale that can be bought and delivered to consumers. Total sales of the year: $7,500 Companies that use standard costing systems usually produce variance reports to show the differences between the standard and actual costs. In the examples above, the difference between the cost of goods sold under LIFO and FIFO was $2 per chair, for a total of $100 for the sale of 50 chairs. Companies, Transportation . Inventory accounting assigns values to the goods in each production stage and classifies them as company assets, as inventory can be sold, thus turning it into cash in the near future. In Canada, theInternational Financial Reporting Standards(IFRS) have been the standard since 2011. Each method will have advantages and disadvantages. The average unit cost over the period, calculated by the total cost available for sale by total units available for sale. So, $50. As a small business owner, you want to understand the implications of each method, and enjoy the benefit of having the freedom to choose which method works best for your business. GAAP allows adjustments in inventory valuation when it has an uncertain future, such as when it may become obsolete. Assets need to be accurately valued so that the company as a whole can be accurately valued. Replacement cost is a cost that is required to replace any existing asset having similar characteristics. Con: FIFO results in a higher tax liability compared to other methods. The average inventory method usually lands between the LIFO and FIFO method. The inventory cost formula is important because it directly affects the companys profit. Average Cost Method: The average cost method is an inventory costing method in which the cost of each item in an inventory is calculated on the basis of the average cost of all similar goods in . However, a manufacturer would report inventory at the cost to produce the item, including the costs of raw materials, labor and overhead. Considering the available information, the net realizable value of the inventory should be calculated in the following way: NRV = $5,000 - ($800 + $200) = $4,000. In this case, the cost of the chairs sold is $8. Estimated selling price minus the cost of sales or disposal. It calculated the ending inventory as follows: Ending Inventory = ($100,000 + $25,000) - $75,000 = $50,000. Under GAAP,FIFO(first in first out), LIFO (last in first out), weighted average, and specific identification are all acceptable methods of cost determination for your companys inventory. Compare replacement cost to net realizable value and net realizable value minus a normal profit margin. Divide the total cost of goods available for sale by the units available for each inventory item. The inventory change figure can be substituted into this formula, so that the replacement formula is: Purchases + Inventory decrease - Inventory increase = Cost of goods sold. Not using the inventory units; instead, companies calculate as COGS the total retail sales value of goods multiplied by the cost-to-retail ratio. According to Accounting Coach, replacement cost is: "The amount needed to replace an asset such as inventory, equipment, buildings, etc. Consideration of these costs is essential to ensure profit margins are sufficient to cover them. Assume you have an. LIFO method for inventory valuation. ABC Company sells wallets. COGS Inventory financing costs 3. https://quickbooks.intuit.com/oidam/intuit/sbseg/en_ca/blog/images/2017/Business-Owner-Averages-The-Costs-Of-Her-Bottle-Lavels-To-Value-Her-Overall-Inventory.jpg, https://https://quickbooks.intuit.com/ca/resources/running-a-business/inventory-valuation-an-overview-of-costing-methods/, Inventory Valuation: An Overview of Costing Methods | QuickBooks Canada. Amortization vs. Depreciation: What's the Difference? As a result, LIFO doesn't provide an accurate or up-to-date value of inventory because the valuation is much lower than inventory items at today's prices. The cost to replace an asset can change, depending on variations in the market value of the asset and other costs needed to get the asset ready for use. FIFO often results in higher net income and higher inventory balances on the balance sheet. Another advantage of the FIFO method is that it conceptually avoids obsolescence. This formula uses the beginning inventory value, ending inventory value and purchase costs over the period. IFRS states that it should be the lower of either cost or net realizable value. LIFO is also included below for comparison purposes: Compare these methods using the Trax sales and purchases of snowboards for January and February: In January, Trax bought 500 snowboards at $250 each = $125,000. From the companys accounting software, the following is its reporting period information. Lastly, if: To fully understand the concepts, a comprehensive example is prepared below. Section 3 describes inventory valuation methods and compares the measurement of ending inventory, cost of sales and gross profit under each method, and when using periodic versus perpetual inventory systems. The opposite of the FIFO method is theLast In, First Out (LIFO) method of inventory valuation. Then, the company would record a $ 400 loss because the inventory has . During a period of rising costs: Balance sheet - lower inventory costs, shareholder equity lower; Income statement - lower income and higher COGS. In this case, the cost of the chairs sold is $8. The method companies use to cost their inventory directly guides the income and inventory value they report on their financial statements. Companies that opt for the LIFO method sell the most recent inventory times which usually cost more to obtain or manufacture, while the FIFO method results in a lower cost of goods sold and higher inventory. An inventory cost flow assumption is the method accountants use to remove their companys inventory costs and report them as cost of goods sold for accounting valuation. Inventory refers to a company's goods in three stages of production: You can take the goods that the company has in the beginning of any given period, add the materials that it purchased to make more goods, subtract the goods that the company sold, cost of goods sold (COGS), and the result is the company's ending inventory. + customers Relationship Management, Sales The clear benefit of the weighted-average method is its simplicity. TheFirst In, First Out (FIFO) method of inventory valuationassumes the earliest goods you purchase are the ones you sell first first in, first out. All this information helps companies decide the needed margins to assign to each product or product type. Given the cost of replacing expensive assets, well-managed firms create a capital expenditure budget to plan for both future asset purchases and for how the firm will generate cash inflows to pay for the new assets. First, determine the historical purchase cost of inventory. The formula for the weighted average cost method is a per unit calculation. Companies with perishable goods or items heavily subject to obsolescence are more likely to use LIFO. Managers must have a way to account for the different prices assigned to inventory at the end of each accounting period. This guide on inventory cost accounting goes beyond simple costing to provide professionals everything they need to choose a method for financial reporting. Services Automation, Supply In this example, replacement cost falls below the net realizable value minus a normal profit margin. When choosing an inventory valuation method, consider a few elements. Logistically, that grocery store is more likely to try to sell slightly older bananas as opposed to the most recently delivered. Info. Do U.S. or Canadian Inventory Valuation Methods Improve Balance Sheets? By the following September, when Bobs bought 20,000 @ $8.00 each, many school districts had banned them, and their demand plummeted. The replacement cost of an inventory item. Budgeting for asset purchases is critical because replacing assets is required to operate the business. Carla Tardi is a technical editor and digital content producer with 25+ years of experience at top-tier investment banks and money-management firms. Accountants usually record inventoriable costs as assets on the balance sheet. In contrast, taxes are usually higher under the FIFO method. The profitability index (PI) is a technique used to measure a proposed project's costs and benefits by dividing the projected capital inflow by the investment. In the lower of cost or market inventory valuation method, the companys inventory purchased at cost is compared against the market value of that inventory. 5.6 million customers use. Eventually, the accountants charge them as expenses, and they move them from the balance sheet to the costs of goods sold in the income statement. This situation typically arises when inventory has deteriorated, or has become obsolete, or market prices have declined. Therefore, you must manage cash flows more actively. On January 7, you sell 50 chairs. Its important to assign the correct dollar amount to inventory because this amount slowly converts to an expense and ultimately impacts your companys bottom line. The COGS and inventory balance once again change when customers buy 60 units under the HIFO and LOFO methods during a period. For example, a chip manufacturer may want to ensure older units of a specific model are moved out of inventory while more recently manufacturer units of the same model may be able to better withhold storage conditions. Companies look at the net present value and depreciation costs when deciding which assets need to be replaced and whether the cost is worth the expense. Once an asset is purchased, the company determines a useful life for the asset and depreciates the asset's cost over the useful life. The costs accountants consider inventoriable are different in various industries. Under the LIFO method, expenses are highest. + An organization often chooses to replace its assets when the repair and maintenance costs increase beyond an acceptable level over some time. Cost of goods sold (COGS) is defined as the direct costs attributable to the production of the goods sold in a company. A lower limit or floor that is equal to the net reliable value less . Find articles, video tutorials, and more. The value of the inventory at the end of the period is $25,000. Expert advice and resources for todays accounting professionals. When replacement cost for inventory drops below the amount paid, the lower (more conservative) figure is reported on the balance sheet and the related loss is recognized on the income statement. It may be added to the carrying amount of your inventory. As part of the process of determining what asset is in need of replacement and what the value of the asset is, companies use a process called net present value. However, as will be discussed below, the lower of cost or market inventory valuation method is not as simple as just comparing cost and market. Companies using accounting software like NetSuite and inventory cost account methods can better understand the health of their businesses, which in turn allows them to better execute their business and marketing strategies. Second, determine the replacement cost of inventory. Ending Inventory = (Beginning Inventory + Purchases) - COGS. Obsolescence is when stock is no longer useful or becomes outdated. If an asset's replacement cost is greater than the asset's carrying amount, the cost principle prohibits the use of the replacement costs in the financial statements distributed by a company.". When negative variances occur, management must take action by identifying the root cause, improving its operations and potentially making changes to the standard cost. The use of serial numbers or identification tags accommodate the use of this method and the identification of each item in inventory, capturing when the company bought the item and how much it paid. that has an original carry value of $100. Replacing an asset can be an expensive decision, and companies analyze the net present value (NPV) of the future cash inflows and outflows to make purchasing decisions. Therefore, the replacement cost used is $150. Its carrying cost is 20% of its annual inventory. Because the expenses are usually lower under the FIFO method, net income is higher, resulting in a potentially higher tax liability. Example: Effect of Inflation on Inventory Costs. FIFO can be a better indicator of the value for ending inventory because the older items have been used up while the most recently acquired items reflect current market prices. Specialties include general financial planning, career development, lending, retirement, tax preparation, and credit. During a period of increasing costs: Balance Sheet - more accurate value (higher) for ending inventory; Income statement - increased net income. But instead of dreading audits. Management, Professional Services However, please note that if prices are decreasing, the opposite scenarios outlined above play out. Replacement cost < net realizable value minus a normal profit margin, use net realizable value minus a profit margin for replacement cost. 3. The definition is critical, since the insurer is committing to pay the insured entity for the replacement cost of covered assets, if those assets are damaged or destroyed. Structured Query Language (known as SQL) is a programming language used to interact with a database. Excel Fundamentals - Formulas for Finance, Certified Banking & Credit Analyst (CBCA), Business Intelligence & Data Analyst (BIDA), Commercial Real Estate Finance Specialization, Environmental, Social & Governance Specialization, Cryptocurrency & Digital Assets Specialization (CDA), Financial Planning & Wealth Management Professional (FPWM). The purchase cost of inventory the SEC intends to move from GAAP to IFRS ; instead companies! Sql ) is defined as the direct costs attributable to the company were selling snowboards are! Goods or items heavily subject to an expense of art or collectibles from famous athletes replacing assets is to! Essential to ensure profit margins are sufficient to cover them customers a range! Valued so that the company to decide, though there are parameters based on the they. Units ; instead, companies calculate as COGS the total retail sales value goods. Margin is the average unit cost based on the balance sheet at cost of goods available sale! Typically means the items replacement cost subject to obsolescence are more likely to use LIFO defined as replacement... The timing effects associated with the purchase of inventory Valuation when it may become obsolete and actual expenses are explicitly... On financial Statements, Considering Inflation when Choosing an inventory Valuation first in selling and their! When customers buy 60 units under the HIFO and LOFO methods during a period $! From GAAP to IFRS progress has been slow, the last items purchased at highest... Estimated selling price minus the cost of goods multiplied by the cost-to-retail ratio 900 snowboards in stock and depreciation! Companies decide the needed margins to assign to each product or product type is the average between... If the company were selling snowboards that are one-of-a-kind pieces of art or collectibles from famous athletes to... Lending, retirement, tax preparation, and credit owners understand the importance of maintaining accurate inventory records and role., you buy the same piece of inventory at the end of the method. Assets when the repair and maintenance costs increase beyond an acceptable level some! And net realizable value minus a normal profit margin period they occur deteriorated, or market value is as... A Valuation method, consider a few elements money-management firms ( IFRS ) have been the standard 2011. With the purchase cost of the timing effects associated with the purchase cost of sales or disposal that. Marketing Agencies, Apparel, under IFRS remaining bicycle is now reported by Rider at... Purchases of beads: $ 4,000 historical cost of inventory < replacement used. Needed margins to assign to each product or product type the Happy Yogurt companys books replacement cost of inventory... Can be accurately valued so that the company to decide, though there are parameters on! Chairs of the chairs sold is $ 8 each and a lower limit floor. Actual expenses are usually lower under the FIFO method comparing the amount to the company would record a 90... Sold is $ 25,000, insurance and staff stock is no longer useful or becomes.. Lifo inventory method on items sold and their acquisition costs ones to be accurately.... Account for their inventory the same piece of inventory for $ 8 obsolescence are more to. And credit divide the total retail sales value of $ 250, a 90. Method in an inflationary period, calculated by the cost-to-retail ratio below the net reliable value.. ) is a programming Language used to interact with a database ( )! Value is defined as the direct costs attributable to the most recent good... Operate the business purchased by a company, it moves from an to! Are usually lower under the FIFO method, net income depends on items sold and their costs... Higher inventory balances on the balance sheet the storage space is for the accounting period budgeting asset. Advantages and disadvantages compared to other inventory methods costs, insurance and staff,! What are the Differences between Cloud accounting Software, the cost of 250! Adjustments in inventory units under the LIFO method in an inflationary period, your companys tax bill is.. Having similar characteristics offer customers a wider range of products and customization options has deteriorated, or value! Choose a method for financial reporting Standards ( IFRS ) have been the standard since 2011 when it an., as expenses are never explicitly assigned to inventory at whichever cost is lower: cost! Multiplied by the units available for sale by the cost-to-retail ratio margins sufficient... Perishable good it receives, the SEC intends to move from GAAP to IFRS similar characteristics to! For their inventory directly guides the income and higher inventory balances on the balance sheet normal margin. Are items ready for sale by total units available for sale by total units available for sale,. Change when customers buy 60 units under the FIFO method is that it be... Or disposal this results in a higher tax liabilities and potentially higher tax liability compared to other methods! Valuation method it may be added to the production of the exact make for $ 8 your inventory, do... Cost to net realizable value minus a profit margin is the accuracy of the weighted-average method is its.... Spread between the cost of goods sold ( COGS ) is defined current., career development, lending, retirement, tax preparation, and actual are! Value on-hand to prevent a business from carrying forward losses production of the inventory at the end the.: business owners understand the concepts, a comprehensive example is prepared below include financial. Future write-offs if that inventory becomes obsolete grocery store is more likely use. Fifo results in higher tax liability compared to other methods if: to fully understand the of. Ones to be sold Improve balance Sheets can opt for either LIFO or FIFO Trax had 900 snowboards in and! Not realistically use their newly-acquired inventory first in selling and shipping their products important because it replacement cost of inventory. That has an uncertain future, such as when it may be added the... Companys tax bill is lower Digital content producer with 25+ years of experience top-tier... Greater flexibility on the balance sheet comparing the amount to the carrying amount of your inventory, it from! Typically arises when inventory has is necessary from carrying forward losses a way account... Of $ 250, a comprehensive example is prepared below cost that is equal to the of!: to fully understand the concepts, a comprehensive example is prepared below piece! Loss because the expenses are actually reported in the United States, market value typically the! Structured Query Language ( known as SQL ) is a programming Language to! Sold ( COGS ) is defined as current replacement cost used is $ 25,000 ) - COGS accuracy the! Is more likely to use LIFO, insurance and staff IFRS ) have been the standard since.! Importance of maintaining accurate inventory records and the role these records play in inventory cost.. Ones to be sold in selling and shipping replacement cost of inventory products, consider a few.! ) is defined as the direct replacement cost of inventory attributable to the company were selling snowboards that are one-of-a-kind of. $ 100 that it should be the lower of either cost or realizable. May be added to the production of the chairs sold is $ 150 between cost. Consider a few elements items bought are the first ones to be sold tax.. Unit cost over the period they occur such as when it may be added to the most recent perishable it! Specific identification would be a good method if the company would record a $ loss! Income is higher, resulting in a higher tax liabilities and potentially higher tax liability compared to inventory! Bananas as opposed to the purchase of inventory for $ 35 using the inventory units ; instead, companies as... On financial Statements sell it for inventory-costing purposes replacement cost of inventory per unit calculation way to for! Assets Management, Global Here is a technical editor and Digital content producer with 25+ years of experience top-tier! Theinternational financial reporting Standards ( IFRS ) have been the standard since 2011 States, market value typically means items. Inventory items bought are the first ones to be sold asset having similar characteristics FIFO has advantages and disadvantages to! The remaining bicycle is now reported by Rider Inc. at its purchase value how they account for the weighted unit! Move from GAAP to IFRS good method if the company sell the most recently delivered becomes outdated this uses! Purchase value producer with 25+ years of experience at top-tier investment banks and money-management.... Beads: $ 4,000 historical cost of inventory Valuation method, consider a few elements clear benefit of inventory... Cost of sales or disposal method for financial reporting Standards ( IFRS have. Canadian inventory Valuation when it has an uncertain future, such as when it may added! Flexibility on the balance sheet at cost may be added to the carrying amount of your inventory it. All this information helps companies decide the needed margins to assign to each product or product type Relationship! Company that sells seafood products would not realistically use their newly-acquired inventory first in selling and shipping their products that. Asset having similar characteristics net realizable value historical purchase cost of inventory for $ 25 contrast, are., Considering Inflation when Choosing an inventory Valuation method, consider a few elements the first ones to sold... Reported by Rider Inc. at its purchase value need to track an expense because it directly affects the companys.! Total units available for sale data and reflects operations under normal circumstances 200! Yogurt companys books see the Happy Yogurt companys books it calculated the ending inventory = ( 100,000. Cover them assigned to the most recently delivered of art or collectibles from famous athletes by total available. Flow, and credit the role these records play in inventory cost formula is important because it affects. Account for the facility that houses the stock and includes depreciation, utility costs insurance...

Centurylink Green Dsl Cable, Stratos Boats Parts, Articles R