true or false: Women campaigned on a national level to obtain the right to vote following World War II. This is because the president is not chosen directly by the voters, but what's known as the electoral college. 2. What do you want to know about the U.S. election? Rank choice voting? "I'm sure I'll get to vote for Joe and Kamala[Harris, Biden's running mate] in New York," the former secretary of state told SiriusXM'sSignal Boost. Each state gets as many electors as it has lawmakers in the US Congress (representatives in the House and senators). WEBSTER &36 REPUBLICAN MEMBERS RELEASE STATEMENT AHEAD OF ELECTORAL COLLEGE VOTE. The president's powers are enumerated in __________ of the U.S. Constitution. 2. All content of site and practice tests copyright 2017 Max. (A) Forty-eight states allocate their electoral votes by the "winner-take-all" method. Below are the proper citations for this page according to four style manuals (in alphabetical order): the Modern Language Association Style Manual (MLA), the Chicago Manual of Style (Chicago), the Publication Manual of the American Psychological Association (APA), and Kate Turabian's A Manual for Writers of Term Papers, Theses, and Dissertations (Turabian). Indeed, stating a variety of concerns, they have presented objections during the electoral count of each Republican president over the last 20 years. But Brad Smith, who used to be on the Federal Election Commission, disagrees. head of state and head of government. But just 538 people decide who will be president; thats about 0.000156% of the population deciding the president. To win the election, presidential candidates need electoral votes from multiple regions and therefore they build campaign platforms with a national focus, meaning that the winner will actually be serving the needs of the entire country. ProCon.org. Follow Chris on Twitter @historyauthor. So-called faithless electors have not been critical to the outcome of a U.S. presidential election, but that could change in a race decided by just a few electoral votes. Box 500 Station A Toronto, ON Canada, M5W 1E6. It happened in2016, whenTrump won a majority of electoral college votes despite falling short of Democratic candidate Hillary Clinton in the popular vote by nearly three million. "Democrats win a lot of votes in metropolitan, urban and suburban areas. Each elector represents one electoral vote, and a candidate needs to gain a majority of the votes - 270 or more - to win the presidency. With files from CBC News, The Associated Press and Reuters. Please note that CBC does not endorse the opinions expressed in comments. As of December 2012, the bill had been enacted by eight states and the District of Columbia, which together possess a total of 132 electoral votes. Chicago, Illinois 60654 USA, Natalie Leppard Read about our approach to external linking. "The electoral college, from its very inception, has put the states in between the people and the president. The only states that do things differently areNebraska and Maine, where two electors vote based on the results of the state's popular vote, and the others are determined based on the popular results in each congressional district within the state. the number of terms a president can serve. California has the greatest number of electoral votes (54); several states have only three electoral votes, the minimum a state may have (two senators and one member of the House). "They keep losing the aggregated popular vote," he said. Article 1 of the Constitution determined that members of the Senate and House of Representatives would both be elected directly by popular vote. true or false: The commerce clause was created because presidents were committing troops abroad without notifying Congress. b. "You're not going to convince a majority of Americans that that's not how you should do it.". "If no candidate receives a majority of electoral votes, the House of Representatives elects the president from the three presidential . The electoral college meets every four years, a few weeks after election day, to carry out that task. Why or why not? true or false: Thomas Jefferson once referred to the establishment clause as a "wall of separation between church and state.". Eight days later, in their concurring opinion inBush, et al. Opal said the Constitution doesn't clearly state whether it's the newly elected Congress that votes, orthe Congress that was sitting at the time of the election. WASHINGTON, D.C. - 37 Republican members of Congress today issued the following statement in advance of the joint session of Congress at 1 p.m. today: In the joint session of Congress today, we will vote to sustain objections to slates of electors submitted by states we believe clearly violated the . Republican state lawmakers in places like Georgia and Texas have advanced bills that would give new powers to legislatures to fire election officials and overturn elections. Then-Vice President Mike Pence and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi preside over a joint session of Congress on Jan. 6 to certify the 2020 Electoral College results after a pro-Trump mob stormed the. The electoral college has determined the winner of every U.S. presidential election since George Washington, butsome question whether itaccurately represents the will of American voters. Digital media has had what impact on reporter-source relationships? The right of suffrage was much more diffusive in the Northern than the Southern States; and the latter could have no influence in the election on the score of the Negroes. At the same time, there was little enthusiasm for allowing the president to be chosen by lawmakers in the capital, Washington DC. Write an equal sign if the ratios form a proportion. Maine has a similar proportional distribution, with two votes awarded to the statewide winner and its other two votes given to the winners in each of its two congressional districts. Add some good to your morning and evening. Electors vote based on the results of the popular vote the number of votes cast for each candidate by citizens in their respective states or districts, with the winner of the popular vote getting all of the electoral votes for the state in most cases. [11], Richard A. Posner, judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the 7th Circuit and a senior lecturer at the University of Chicago Law School, further explained, There is pressure for runoff elections when no candidate wins a majority of the votes cast; that pressure, which would greatly complicate the presidential election process, is reduced by the Electoral College, which invariably produces a clear winner. [11], The electoral process can also create a larger mandate to give the president more credibility; for example, President Obama received 51.3% of the popular vote in 2012 but 61.7% of the electoral votes. A candidate may challenge the results of a particular state according to its ownlaws and deadlines. Has a candidate lost the public vote but become president? There are only two states (Maine and Nebraska) which divide up their electoral college votes according to the proportion of votes each candidate receives. So, the framers of the constitution created the electoral college, with each state choosing electors. The signers then implored their colleagues not to vote to reject the electors from battleground states, as Trump was asking them to do. Last modified on December 9, 2021. In 1992, Ross Perot received 19% of the popular vote but 0 electoral votes. 30 seconds. Consider the American Bar Associations fact check on whether the Electoral College can be abolished. Four years later, though, the collegeenabled Trump to secure power while losing the popular vote. Article II. true or false: Former presidents receive the benefit of a pension. answer choices a. through a Senate confirmation hearing. By submitting a comment, you accept that CBC has the right to reproduce and publish that comment in whole or in part, in any manner CBC chooses. Then-Vice President Mike Pence and House Speaker Nancy Pelosi preside over a joint session of Congress on Jan. 6 to certify the 2020 Electoral College results after a pro-Trump mob stormed the Capitol earlier that day. Governor Sisolak stated, the compact could diminish the role of smaller states like Nevada in national electoral contests and force Nevadas electors to side with whoever wins the nationwide popular vote, rather than the candidate Nevadans choose. [31], Hans von Spakovsky, Senior Legal Fellow at the Heritage Foundation and a former commissioner for the FEC, explained, The Framers fears of a tyranny of the majority is still very relevant today. "Nothing in the Constitution says how the electors are supposed to vote," Opal said. true or false: A multi-party system tends to require the building of coalitions to govern. That is, from the contents of PepsiCos annual report, identify by name the corporations that have been consolidated (parent and subsidiaries). Opponents say kids arent mature enough to vote. In July, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled states can require presidential electors to back their states' popular vote winner in the electoral college. Most states use the winner-take-all method, in which all electoral votes are awarded to the winner of the popular vote in that state. B. [3] [4] [5] [6], At least 700 amendments have been proposed to modify or abolish the Electoral College. President Joe Biden was inaugurated with Vice President Kamala Harris on Jan. 20, 2021. The electors meet in their respective states, as well as in D.C., on Dec. 14 to cast their votes for president and vice-president on separate ballots. They are often elected state representatives, party leaders and activists. Twelve years later, Benjamin Harrison defeated incumbent Grover Cleveland handily in the Electoral College although garnering fewer popular votes. One can see its importance in the fact that despite Hillary Clintons national popular vote total, she won only about a sixth of the counties nationwide, with her support limited mostly to urban areas on both coasts. [34], If the election were based on popular vote, it would be possible for a candidate to receive the highest number of popular votes without actually obtaining a majority. Who's ahead, Biden or Trump? National polls indicate a large percentage of Americans now have serious doubts about not just the outcome of the current presidential contest, but also the future reliability of our election system itself. . [25], On Monday Dec. 19, 2016, the electors in each state met to vote for President and Vice President of the United States. d. It works without controversy in most elections. "In the founding period, it was hard to imagine the American people as a single political entity. Three of Nebraskas five electoral votes are awarded to the winner of the popular vote in each of its three congressional districts, with the other two given to the statewide winner of the popular vote. That usurpation of the legislatures sole authority, delegated by the Constitution, was a primary reason why the election of 2020 became riddled with an unprecedented number of serious allegations of fraud and irregularities. ProCon.org is the institutional or organization author for all ProCon.org pages. (PA-13), Doug Lamborn (CO-05), Barry Loudermilk (GA-11), Blaine Luetkemeyer (MO-03), Markwayne Mullin (OK-02), Gregory F. Murphy, M.D. Republican candidate George W Bush won the 2000 election against Democrat Al Gore, Each state has a certain number of votes in the electoral college, Try our quiz on the key states at this election. James Madison stated, There was one difficulty however of a serious nature attending an immediate choice by the people. "If you're an opponent of the electoral college as I am, it's a rather elegant solution to the problem.". In some states, electors could vote for whichever candidate they prefer, regardless of who voters backed. Here are the proper bibliographic citations for this page according to four style manuals (in alphabetical order): [Editor's Note: The APA citation style requires double spacing within entries. Electors are generally chosen from among state party leaders and state legislators. The problem is that twice since 2000, the person with the most votes didn't win. at 144. It works without controversy in most elections. when the cabinet deems it necessary. On election day, voters choosing a presidential candidate are actually casting a vote for an elector. Only three other presidents have been elected without winning the popular vote, all of them in the 19th Century: John Quincy Adams, Rutherford B Hayes and Benjamin Harrison. [3] [4] [5] [6], In each state, a group of electors is chosen by each political party. This has happened only once, when in 1824 four candidates split the electoral vote, denying any one of them a majority. In 2016, Hillary Clinton won the popular vote by more than one million votes, yet still lost the election on electoral votes. This proves the system is working. The results are announced that day, with Inauguration Day following on Jan. 20. On Dec. 22, 2016, the results were certified in all 50 states. 5. true or false: Unlike in criminal court, witnesses in congressional hearings can be forced to testify against themselves. Take our quiz, We'll find you and we won't let you live a teams fight to exist, When a biryani flies hundreds of miles to reach Indians, The two generals fighting over Sudan's future, 'I thought we'd die' - Sudan patients cry for help, Why Gen Z workers are starting on the back foot. The existence of the Electoral College precluded calls for recounts or demands for run-off elections. Question 5 30 seconds Q. The discrepancy was also apparent in 2000. answer choices . An earlier version of this story included a misspoken quote that said people in Wyoming have 44 times the power of people in California in presidential elections. A. Pro/Con Arguments | Discussion Questions | Take Action | Sources | More Debates, The debate over the continued use of the Electoral College resurfaced during the 2016 presidential election, when Donald Trump lost the general election to Hillary Clinton by over 2.8 million votes and won the Electoral College by 74 votes. He holds a master's of journalism from the University of King's College in Halifax. To encourage thoughtful and respectful conversations, first and last names will appear with each submission to CBC/Radio-Canada's online communities (except in children and youth-oriented communities). . The rules of the process are dictated by the 12th Amendment. A teenager who is beginning to engage in the political process is most likely to do which of the following for the party? On Jan. 6, 2021, Congress held a joint session to certify the electoral college votes during which several Republican lawmakers objected to the results and pro-Trump protesters stormed the US Capitol sending Vice President Pence, lawmakers and staff to secure locations. How are the First Amendment rights different from those in the British ruling system under which the colonists lived? 2. By its clear language, they affirmed, only state legislatures, and not state courts or any other officials, are constitutionally authorized to determine the manner by which presidential electors are selected. There have been calls to removethe college, but changing the election processwould require a constitutional amendment, which both Opaland Levine said would be difficult to accomplish. A slight majority of states require electors to cast their votes as pledged, although no faithless elector has ever been prosecuted. The votes were certified in the early hours of Jan. 7, 2021 by Vice President Pence, declaring Joe Biden the 46th US President. The objection is expected to fail. A life sentence might be most unfair to a three-time offender whose last crime was. When Americans go to the polls in presidential elections they're actually voting for a group of officials who make up the electoral college. (E) Senators and representatives are prohibited from the electoral college by the Constitution. Yet our friends have overlooked a critical, first principle. In previous presidential elections, our House Democrat colleagues have often agreed. It's about one person, one vote everybody's vote counting equally," he said. As an end-around to a Constitutional amendment, the National Popular Vote interstate compact is working to have states pledge to award their electors to the winner of the national popular vote. A Democratic win in 2020 may not lead to its abolishmenteither, Levine suggested, particularly if the winner-take-all structure of most electoral college votes plays to their advantage in future elections. was established under Chief Justice John Marshall. Article II of the Constitution and the 12th Amendment solely refer to electors. The phrase Electoral College did not appear in federal law until 1845. hide caption. While voters contribute to the nation's popular vote, the Electoral College is where representatives from every state and the District of Columbia (but not American territories) cast their. The following table gives the value of the Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJIA), NASDAQ, and the S&P 500 on the first day of trading for the years 2008 through 2010. ", ProCon.org. Still, we are faced with a seminal legal question. On December 10, 2020, we filed an amicus briefin the U.S. Supreme Court on behalf of 126 Members of Congress (linkedhere), in which we urged the Court to immediately address the fact that four battleground states (Georgia, Michigan, Pennsylvania and Wisconsin) violated the plain language of Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution in their selection of presidential electors. We reserve the right to close comments at any time. true or false: Congress has the right to oversee the work of both the executive and the judicial branches. On the other hand, Republicans don't have to convince the public. is twice as long as that of a member of the House of Representatives. Although the phrase "Electoral College" does not appear in the U.S. Constitution, it is how we refer to the procedure by which the United States elects the President. Many electors as it has lawmakers in the political process is most likely to.... 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