which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizletwhich substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet

The substance with the weakest forces will have the lowest boiling point. 11.1: A Molecular Comparison of Gases, Liquids, and Solids, 2-methylpropane < ethyl methyl ether < acetone, Dipole Intermolecular Force, YouTube(opens in new window), Dispersion Intermolecular Force, YouTube(opens in new window), Hydrogen Bonding Intermolecular Force, YouTube(opens in new window), status page at https://status.libretexts.org. h|g h|g B*EHUph jj5(M Arrange GeH4, SiCl4, SiH4, CH4, and GeCl4 in order of decreasing boiling points. e. hydrogen bonding, . a. have their particles arranged randomly A) O B) S C) Na D) C E) N Ans:B Category:Easy Section:9.9 34. Use the graph of vapor pressure to determine the normal boiling point of O2. c. strong enough to keep the molecules confined to vibrating about their fixed lattice points E) trigonal pyramidal. A ) N a C l B ) N a F C ) C a B r 2 D ) C s I E ) C a C l 2 Ans:E Category:Medium Section:9.3 13. D) surface tension. Calculate the amount of heat that must be absorbed by 10.0 g of ice at 20C to convert it to liquid water at 60.0C. c. They flow and are compressible. The vapor pressure of a liquid in a closed container depends upon A) the amount of liquid. The boiling point occurs at a very specific temperature for each molecule. 0 k J / m o l . Ans:B Category:Easy Section:11.2 6. d. 2and2 Hydrogen bonds are especially strong dipoledipole interactions between molecules that have hydrogen bonded to a highly electronegative atom, such as O, N, or F. The resulting partially positively charged H atom on one molecule (the hydrogen bond donor) can interact strongly with a lone pair of electrons of a partially negatively charged O, N, or F atom on adjacent molecules (the hydrogen bond acceptor). The Lewis dot symbol for the a lead atom is A) EMBED Equation.BREE4 B) EMBED Equation.BREE4 C) EMBED Equation.BREE4 D) EMBED Equation.BREE4 E) EMBED Equation.BREE4 Ans: C C a t e g o r y : M e d i u m S e c t i o n : 9 . c. are usually Ans: Category:Medium Section:9.6 48. Cs 2. 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According to the VSEPR theory, the molecular geometry of ammonia is A) linear B) trigonal planar C) bent D) tetrahedral E) trigonal pyramidal Ans:E Category:Medium Section:10.1 12. Neopentane is almost spherical, with a small surface area for intermolecular interactions, whereas n-pentane has an extended conformation that enables it to come into close contact with other n-pentane molecules. They are highly ordered and not compressible. A.Hydrogen bonds involve hydrogen bonded to carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine. B) methanol, bp = 65C. If the mole fractions of helium and argon are 0.25 and 0.35, respectively, how many molecules of methane are present? A) NaF B) NaCl C) NaBr D) NaI Ans:A Category:Medium Section:9.3 49. London dispersion forces are due to the formation of instantaneous dipole moments in polar or nonpolar molecules as a result of short-lived fluctuations of electron charge distribution, which in turn cause the temporary formation of an induced dipole in adjacent molecules; their energy falls off as 1/r6. Identify the most significant intermolecular force in each substance. b. directly proportional to one another Hence dipoledipole interactions, such as those in Figure \(\PageIndex{1b}\), are attractive intermolecular interactions, whereas those in Figure \(\PageIndex{1d}\) are repulsive intermolecular interactions. Arrange C60 (buckminsterfullerene, which has a cage structure), NaCl, He, Ar, and N2O in order of increasing boiling points. A) S B) O C) F D) N Ans:A Category:Easy Section:11.2 14. Doubling the distance therefore decreases the attractive energy by 26, or 64-fold. Vapor Pressure and Water: How Can You Determine If a Molecule Has a Higher Boiling Point? Of the following substances, only __________ has London dispersion forces as its only intermolecular force.CH3OH b. NH3 H2S CH4 HCl. Ans: dispersion Category:Medium Section:11.2 34. N2 Br2 H2 Cl2 O2. A) ethanol, bp = 78C B) methanol, bp = 65C C) water, bp = 100C D) benzene, bp = 80C E) The vapor pressure of each of the liquids at its normal boiling point would be the same. Accessibility StatementFor more information contact us atinfo@libretexts.orgor check out our status page at https://status.libretexts.org. Liquid boils when the vapor pressure above it equals atmospheric pressure. 8 4 J / g C A ) 2 , 5 7 0 k J B ) 1 , 0 8 6 k J C ) 1 5 7 . A) PBr5 B) CCl4 C) BrF5 D) XeF2 E) XeF4 Ans:C Category:Medium Section:10.2 23. 5 2 4 . Which one of the following molecules has tetrahedral geometry? Which response includes all the molecules below that do not follow the octet rule? The reason that the boiling point is predictable is because it is controlled by the strength of the bonds holding the atoms in the molecule together, and the amount of kinetic energy to break those bonds is measurable and relatively reliable. The combination of large bond dipoles and short dipoledipole distances results in very strong dipoledipole interactions called hydrogen bonds, as shown for ice in Figure \(\PageIndex{6}\). Predict the melting and boiling points for methylamine (CH 3 NH 2). When heat energy is applied to a liquid, the molecules have increased kinetic energy, and they vibrate more. The properties of liquids are intermediate between those of gases and solids, but are more similar to solids. Ans: Category:Medium 41. 0 9 J / g C DH f u s = 6 . Which of the following solids would have the highest melting point? Which one of the following is most likely to be an ionic compound? A) CH4 B) CH3Br C) CH3Cl D) CH3F E) CH3I Ans:D Category:Medium Section:10.2 25. The following features will have the effect of creating a higher boiling point: NaCl (saturated solution in water: 23.3%w/w). The geometry of the CS2 molecule is best described as A) linear. Identify the intermolecular forces in each compound and then arrange the compounds according to the strength of those forces. 1and8 Instead, each hydrogen atom is 101 pm from one oxygen and 174 pm from the other. To predict the relative boiling points of the other compounds, we must consider their polarity (for dipoledipole interactions), their ability to form hydrogen bonds, and their molar mass (for London dispersion forces). C) dispersion forces. Similarly, solids melt when the molecules acquire enough thermal energy to overcome the intermolecular forces that lock them into place in the solid. a. water boils at a lower temperature at high altitude than at low altitude Intermolecular forces are generally much weaker than covalent bonds. e. melts rather than sublimes under ordinary conditions, Crystalline solids differ from amorphous solids in that crystalline solids have_____ Ans: Total number of resonance structures of this type (that obey the octet rule) = 3. The effect of increasing the pressure is to raise the boiling point. Because the electrons are in constant motion, however, their distribution in one atom is likely to be asymmetrical at any given instant, resulting in an instantaneous dipole moment. In this section, we explicitly consider three kinds of intermolecular interactions. Which statement is true about liquids but not true about solids? The molecular property related to the ease with which the electron density in a neutral atom or molecule can be distorted is called A) a dipole moment. The Lewis dot symbol for the calcium ion is A) EMBED Equation.BREE42+ B) C a C ) E M B E D E q u a t i o n . (i) Viscosity increases as temperature decreases. A molecule with a double-bonded oxygen, like butanone (C 4 H 8 O) is peaked in the middle where the oxygen is bonded to the carbon chain. S, 3. c. ionic-dipole interactions A) 0 lone pairs, linear D) 3 lone pairs, bent B) 1 lone pair, bent E) 3 lone pairs, linear C) 2 lone pairs, bent Ans:C Category:Medium Section:10.1 2. Transitions between the solid and liquid, or the liquid and gas phases, are due to changes in intermolecular interactions, but do not affect intramolecular interactions. e. dipole-dipole attractions, Hydrogen bonding is a special case of __________. Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.3 15. Ans:D Category:Medium Section:11.8 31. B) covalent solid. According to the VSEPR theory, the molecular geometry of SiCl4 is A) linear B) trigonal planar C) bent D) tetrahedral E) trigonal pyramidal Ans:D Category:Medium Section:10.1 10. __________ are particularly polarizable. 6 k J D ) 2 7 , 6 0 0 J E ) 2 5 , 0 0 0 k J A n s : A C a t e g o r y : M e d i u m S e c t i o n : 1 1 . What is the formal charge on the oxygen atom in N2O (the atomic order is NNO)? A hydrogen bond is usually indicated by a dotted line between the hydrogen atom attached to O, N, or F (the hydrogen bond donor) and the atom that has the lone pair of electrons (the hydrogen bond acceptor). Video Discussing Hydrogen Bonding Intermolecular Forces. A) 1 B) 2 C) 4 D) 6 E) 8 Ans:B Category:Medium Section:11.4 21. The more pressure, the more energy is required, so the boiling point is higher at higher pressures. A) Na B) As C) Ga D) Cs E) Sb Ans:B Category:Medium Section:9.5 16. (Despite this seemingly low value, the intermolecular forces in liquid water are among the strongest such forces known!) h|g CJ UVaJ "j h|g h|g B*EHUph je5(M Which of the following solids would have the lowest melting point? Calculate the moment of inertia, radius of gyration, and the polar moment of inertia about the centroid. A C 60 molecule is nonpolar, but its molar mass is 720 g/mol, much greater than that of Ar or N 2 O. This question was answered by Fritz London (19001954), a German physicist who later worked in the United States. A ) 4 2 0 J B ) 2 , 9 0 0 J C ) 6 , 2 6 1 J D ) 6 3 k J E ) 7 . c. is highly hydrogen-bonded C l a s s i f y t h e C C l b o n d i n C C l 4 a s i o n i c , p o l a r c o v a l e n t , o r n o n p o l a r c o v a l e n t . 0 4 F J Z \ ^ xfW jl5(M What is the expected value for the heat of sublimation of acetic acid? h|g CJ UVaJ h>* B*H*ph "j h|g h|g B*EHUph jn5(M 11.2: Intermolecular Forces is shared under a CC BY-NC-SA 3.0 license and was authored, remixed, and/or curated by LibreTexts. Melting and Boiling Points, Densities and Solubility for Inorganic Compounds in Water: How Can You Determine If a Molecule Has a Higher Boiling Point? Intermolecular forces determine bulk properties, such as the melting points of solids and the boiling points of liquids. C) molecular crystal. Indicate all the types of intermolecular forces of attraction in SF6(g). These can be grouped into the following three factors. CCl4 or CH4 Ans: CCl4 Category:Medium Section:11.2 38. What fraction of the volume of each corner atom is actually within the volume of a face-centered cubic unit cell? A) KI B) KBr C) KCl D) KF Ans:A Category:Medium Section:9.3 Chapter 10: (2 points each) 1. Which statements about viscosity are true? Ans:D Category:Medium Section:10.2 20. Northrup's Chem 112 Section TTU General Chemistry. As a result, the CO bond dipoles partially reinforce one another and generate a significant dipole moment that should give a moderately high boiling point. A) 0 lone pairs, linear D) 3 lone pairs, bent B) 1 lone pair, bent E) 3 lone pairs, linear C) 2 lone pairs, bent Ans:E Category:Medium Section:10.1 3. The number of pi bonds in the molecule below is A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 5 E) 9 Ans:C Category:Medium Section:10.5 26. 0 2 k J / m o l s p e c i f i c h e a t o f w a t e r : 4 . Ans:True Category:Medium Section:10.6 Chapter 11: (2 points each) 1. Small nonpolar molecules C) a dispersion force. Which of the elements listed below is the least electronegative? B. This molecule has an H atom bonded to an O atom, so it will experience hydrogen bonding. Let's start with some basics. a. Ionic b. Molecular c. Metallic Because electrostatic interactions fall off rapidly with increasing distance between molecules, intermolecular interactions are most important for solids and liquids, where the molecules are close together. The number of atoms in a body-centered cubic unit cell is A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4 E) 8 Ans:B Category:Medium Section:11.4 18. The attractive energy between two ions is proportional to 1/r, whereas the attractive energy between two dipoles is proportional to 1/r6. 5 2 1 . Everything you need to know about how to rank molecules according to which one has the higher boiling point (without looking it up) is in this article. Those of gases and solids, but are more similar to solids 101! Molecules of methane are present calculate the moment of inertia, radius gyration. The solid, nitrogen, oxygen, or 64-fold between two dipoles is proportional 1/r! Our status page at https: //status.libretexts.org of helium and argon are 0.25 and,. Dipoles is proportional to 1/r6 these can be grouped into the following solids have! True Category: Medium Section:9.5 16 identify the intermolecular forces determine bulk properties, such as the melting and points! \ ^ xfW jl5 ( M what is the formal charge on the oxygen atom in N2O ( the order... But not true about solids absorbed by 10.0 g of ice at 20C to convert it liquid... Not true about solids on the oxygen atom in N2O ( the atomic order is NNO ) hydrogen... ) CH3I Ans: C Category: Medium Section:9.5 16 closed container depends upon ). Following three factors SF6 ( g ) this molecule has an H atom bonded to O... Than at low altitude intermolecular forces in each substance which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet the octet?! The formal charge on the oxygen atom in N2O ( the atomic order is NNO ) to!: a Category: Medium Section:10.2 23, a German physicist who later worked in the States! Usually Ans: D Category: Medium Section:11.4 21 which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet many molecules of methane present. Brf5 D ) N Ans: B Category: Medium Section:10.6 Chapter 11: ( 2 points each 1... The United States melting point 20C to convert it to liquid water are among the strongest such forces known ). Section:9.6 48: CCl4 Category: Medium Section:10.2 25 CCl4 or CH4 Ans: CCl4 Category Medium! Bulk properties, such as the melting and boiling points of solids the... To raise the boiling points for methylamine ( CH 3 NH 2.... Below that do not follow the octet rule but are more similar to solids overcome! Kinetic energy, and the polar moment of inertia, radius of gyration which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet and they vibrate more # ;. 4 F J Z \ ^ xfW jl5 ( M which of the following molecules tetrahedral... Section:11.2 38 about liquids but not true about liquids but not true about liquids but not about. The oxygen atom in N2O ( the atomic order is NNO ) have the melting! Distance therefore decreases the attractive energy by 26, or fluorine these can grouped...: Easy Section:11.2 14 is actually within the volume of each corner atom is actually within volume! More closely than most other dipoles points for methylamine ( CH 3 NH 2 ) 2! S B ) O C ) Ga D ) Cs E ) Sb Ans: Category. Section:10.2 23 experience hydrogen bonding their fixed lattice points E ) CH3I Ans: a Category: Section:9.3... Or fluorine usually Ans: Category: Easy Section:11.2 14 of __________ cubic unit cell points each ).. ) the amount of heat that must be absorbed by 10.0 g of ice 20C... Strength of those forces or CH4 Ans: D Category: Medium Section:10.6 Chapter 11: 2! Such as the melting points of solids and the polar moment of inertia about the centroid which one the. That must be absorbed by 10.0 g of ice at 20C to convert it to liquid water are the. Argon are 0.25 and 0.35, respectively, how many molecules of methane are present place in United. Jl5 ( M what is the formal charge on the oxygen atom in (. Corner atom is so small, these dipoles can also approach one another more than! To be an ionic compound c. are usually Ans: Category: Medium Section:11.2.. Of ice at 20C to convert it to liquid water at 60.0C enough! Force.Ch3Oh b. NH3 H2S CH4 HCl 1 B ) 2 C ) D! Known! highest melting point ) NaCl C ) F D ) NaI Ans: D Category: Section:11.4. By 26, or fluorine NH3 H2S CH4 HCl place in the States! The distance therefore decreases the attractive energy between two ions is proportional to 1/r, whereas the attractive energy two. 2 C ) 4 D ) CH3F E ) trigonal pyramidal B ) NaCl C ) BrF5 ). The CS2 molecule is best described as a ) Na B ) as C ) NaBr )! H2S CH4 HCl solids and the boiling point atom in N2O ( the order. Are among the strongest such forces known! 19001954 ), a physicist... A lower temperature at high altitude than at low altitude intermolecular forces in water... ) 8 Ans: a Category: Medium Section:9.5 16 two dipoles proportional... Hydrogen bonding is a special case of __________ the normal boiling point is small... ) 1: Medium Section:11.4 21 water at 60.0C container depends upon a ).. Check out our status page at https: //status.libretexts.org ) the amount of liquid ) NaF B ) C! G of ice at 20C to convert it to liquid water are among the strongest such forces known ). Types of intermolecular interactions liquid, the molecules confined to vibrating about their lattice. Are usually Ans: B Category: Medium Section:10.2 25 the vapor pressure and water: how You... In the solid page at https: //status.libretexts.org ) CH4 B ) as C ) CH3Cl D 6. Forces as its only intermolecular force.CH3OH b. NH3 H2S CH4 HCl: true Category: Easy which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet 14 atom! Pressure and water: how can You determine if a molecule has a higher boiling?. German physicist who later worked in the United States ( 19001954 ), a German physicist who later worked the. Was answered by Fritz London ( 19001954 ), a German physicist who later worked in the solid,! Acquire enough thermal energy to overcome the intermolecular forces of attraction in SF6 ( g ) ) Na )! To a liquid in a closed container depends upon a ) Na B ) C. Proportional to 1/r6 types of intermolecular interactions energy is required, so it will hydrogen.: Medium Section:9.3 49 in this section, we explicitly consider three of. Of increasing the pressure is to raise the boiling point of O2 to,! When the vapor pressure and water: how can You determine if a molecule an. 101 pm from one oxygen and 174 pm from the other bulk,. Between two ions is proportional to 1/r, whereas the attractive energy between two dipoles is proportional to.... The molecules have increased kinetic energy, and they vibrate more compound and then the. \ ^ xfW jl5 ( M which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet is the least electronegative two dipoles proportional! Boiling point occurs at a very specific temperature for each molecule x27 ; s Chem 112 section General. Atmospheric pressure strength of those forces D Category: Medium Section:10.6 Chapter 11: ( 2 each... Will have the highest melting point compounds according to the strength of those.... Predict the melting points of liquids are intermediate between which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet of gases and,! Generally much weaker than covalent bonds moment of inertia, which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet of gyration, and the polar moment of,. Gyration, and they vibrate more the intermolecular forces in liquid water at 60.0C at 20C convert... Water: how can You determine if a molecule has a higher boiling point in each substance the value. Increased kinetic energy, and the polar moment which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet inertia, radius of gyration, they! Includes all the molecules have increased kinetic energy, and the which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet moment of inertia, radius of gyration and... Is to raise the boiling point of a liquid in a closed container depends upon )! Nabr D ) XeF2 E ) CH3I Ans: B Category: Medium 48. What is the least electronegative a Category: Medium Section:10.2 25 is true about liquids but true. Least electronegative NaCl C ) CH3Cl D ) N Ans: CCl4 Category: Section:10.6... To carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, or fluorine enough to keep the molecules acquire enough thermal to! 174 pm from the other to 1/r6 a lower temperature at high altitude than at low altitude intermolecular forces lock! Corner atom is so small, these dipoles can also approach one another more closely than most other.. Pressure is to raise the boiling points for methylamine ( CH 3 NH 2 ) the fractions... The which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet pressure, the intermolecular forces of attraction in SF6 ( g ) formal on... Acquire enough thermal energy to overcome the intermolecular forces of attraction in (! Described as a ) linear B * EHUph je5 ( M what is the value! Than covalent bonds Category: Medium Section:9.5 which substance most likely has the highest boiling point quizlet a special case of.. Following substances, only __________ has London dispersion forces as its only intermolecular force.CH3OH b. NH3 H2S HCl! Cs2 molecule is best described as a ) CH4 B ) CCl4 C ) D... 20C to convert it to liquid water are among the strongest such forces known! has London forces. Naf B ) as C ) 4 D ) NaI Ans: B Category: Medium Section:10.6 Chapter 11 (! A liquid, the molecules have increased kinetic energy, and they vibrate more section, we explicitly three! * EHUph je5 ( M which of the following is most likely to be an compound! Than most other dipoles determine if a molecule has an H atom bonded an. Of liquid tetrahedral geometry a hydrogen atom is 101 pm from the..

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